Annotated Bibliography

Kurtese Nichols

                                    Annotated Bibliography: Monsanto vs. Farmers  

 

Bishop, J. (2012). The Limits of Corporate Human Rights Obligations and the Rights of For-

            Profit Corporations. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(1), 119-144.

This article summarizes how legal rights are given to cooperation causing them to undertaking human rights. This becomes a problem because cooperation’s are supposed to respect human rights .However; this cooperation have been abusing and substituting legal rights. The article explains the legal obligation and implications regarding human rights.

This article ties into the Monsanto vs. Farmers conflict because is describes how cooperations should govern and obey human rights and essentially, the Monsanto wheat company does not do this because they violate the human rights as they sell genetically modified planting seeds for crops and meats. The article also argues that human rights where designed not regarding cooperations, but individuals. Therefore, farmers because they are individuals, have the right to grow crops without inference of cooperations. This article can be used in defense of the fact that farmers have to use Monsanto seeds in order to progressively grow crops. However this also contradicts because although farmer have the right to grow their own “natural crops”, if cooperations are given human rights they somewhat have power to interfere especially if Monsanto is claiming to better the world.

Five Say No to GMO. (2005). Alternatives Journal, 31(3), 5.

            This article talks the European Union that is against GMO. Five countries in this Union have banded GMO completely. Austria, France, Germany, Greece and Luxembourg are the countries that made this decision because they feel that GMO is a threat to “human and environmental health.”

            This article is very important to my conflict because this article clearly shows that the United States is not the only place in the world taking action against GMO. This article also helps readers realize that this issue is bigger than just the US, ultimately making the statement that this issue is very important. It also helps me give incite from other countries and why they are against GMO. This helps to not form a bias opinion talking into consideration my other resources are from a US standpoint because I can use other countries point of view to balance everything out.

Freedman, D. H. (2013). Are engineered foods evil?. Scientific American, 309(3), 80-85.

            This article discusses the pros and cons of genetically engineered foods. The author describes the engineered foods as a brilliant idea because of the simple fact that years ago one couldn’t reproduce food by, “altering plants’ genomes”. The author then goes on to discuss how many people try to tie GM foods to health issues but the health issues “can be subtle and nearly impossible to link to specific changes in the environment.”

            This ties into my conflict because it serves as defense to GMO, specifically Monsanto.  There have been numerous law suits against Monsanto’s agricultural company claiming the GM foods effect people’s health. This article clears that issue up by stating that although that is thought to be true studies have not shown evidence to confirm it. I can also use this article to identify pro and cons of GM foods and conduct a survey for part of my final research paper.

McCabe, M. (2012). SUPERWEEDS AND SUSPECT SEEDS: DOES THE GENETICALLY-

ENGINEERED CROP DEREGULATION PROCESS PUT AMERICAN AGRICULTURE AT RISK?. University Of Baltimore Journal Of Land & Development,

            1(2), 109-155

            This article is about how Genetically Engineered foods can be affecting American agriculture. This article also uses statistics and experiments to figure if this is the case for American Agriculture. This article also give a in depth description of how the process of the GMO seeds and how they work and what is chemically used for them to work.

            This can help my article more in the statistically portion cause this information is taken from conducted studies and experiments. I can also stretch this article to be the introduction of the history of American Agriculture before GMO. This article helped determine another related theme or the GMO vs Farmers conflict.

Rajan, S., & Letourneau, D. K. (2012). What Risk Assessments of Genetically Modified

            Organisms Can Learn from Institutional Analyses of Public Health Risks. Journal Of

            Biomedicine & Biotechnology, 20121-8. doi:10.1155/2012/203093           

            This article is a scientific based article. The authors of this article is basically trying to figure out if Genetically modified foods is what is putting the public’s health at risk. They determine this by “comparing risk assessment for environmental toxins in the public health domain with genetically modified organisms in the environment.” With these studies the scientists hope to distinguish and analyze ecosystems and society.

            The information in this article can be helpful because it also helps determine whether or not its genetically modified foods affecting society of if it’s the change in the environment. This article can help me in one area which is determining whether or not Farmers against GMO can say that GMO is solely the cause of diseases that are new in the world. The fact that this article is based on studies help me in my statistical portion of my research paper.

Blog Post 4

 

Bishop, J. (2012). The Limits of Corporate Human Rights Obligations and the Rights of For- Profit Corporations. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(1), 119-144.

This article summarizes how legal rights are given to cooperation causing them to undertaking human rights. This becomes a problem because cooperation’s are supposed to respect human rights .However, these cooperation’s have been abusing and substituting legal rights. The article explains the legal obligation and implications regarding human rights.

Corporations are held to obey a variety of human rights with regards to their employees, as governments are to their citizens. Bishop, the author, states clearly that the straight forward approach is that “if humans do in fact have human rights, then all agents that are capable of doing so have obligations to respect those rights” (p. 121-122.) The way this can be applied to my conflict is that the “all agents” part of the above quote can be applied to the government and the regulations on 3D printed items. In a way, this can be seen as an interference with the rights of creative freedom, rights to bear arms, and rights to the freedom of speech. However, Bishop also states that human rights were not designed with corporations in mind, but with individuals. Even though this is true, this does not mean that governments are exempt from obeying these given rights to speech, creativity, and to bear arms.

This article ties into the Monsanto vs. Farmers conflict because is describes how cooperations should govern and obey human rights and essentially, the Monsanto wheat company does not do this because they violate the human rights as they sell genetically modified planting seeds for crops and meats. The article also argues that human rights where designed not regarding cooperations, but individuals. Therefore, farmers because they are individuals, have the right to grow crops without inference of cooperations. This article can be used in defense of the fact that farmers have to use Monsanto seeds in order to progressively grow crops. However this also contradicts because although farmer have the right to grow their own “natural crops”, if cooperations are given human rights they somewhat have power to interfee especially if Monsanto is claiming to better the world.

K.N

J.L

Blog Post 4

Tir, J. (2010). Territorial Diversion: Diversionary Theory of War and Territorial Conflict. Journal Of Politics, 72(2), 413-425.

The article “Territorial Diversion: Diversionary Theory of War and Territorial Conflict” explains the relationship between civilians and land and the relationship between a leader or government and land. Diversionary activity is mentioned as a way for governments to gain civilian loyalty during a territorial dispute. According to Tir, government leaders can mask their true intentions for control by manipulating and appealing to the public.

The Dokdo/Takeshima islets dispute somewhat relates to this article. The South Korean government has stationed South Korean soldiers on the islets in order to show the citizens of Korea that they are the true owners of Dokdo/Takeshima. There are no bad intentions to mask, however, as the South Korean government’s reason behind stationing soldiers on the islets is to provoke Japan, a nation which historically does not get along with South Korea, and promote nationalism amongst South Korean citizens. Tir’s article discusses territorial disputes between corrupt governments and unsatisfied citizens. The Dokdo/Takeshima conflict does not really follow along with Tir’s description of a traditional territorial dispute.

 

This article is almost the exact opposite of what is happening in the Syrian civil war. This article talks about creating diversions in order to gain civilian loyalty, specifically land disputes, however in the case of Syria there is almost no civilian loyalty to the government. In addition, the government shows no interest in what the people think. This civil war is solely based on government versus the people, not territory, but power.

 

Kat Platt and Kelly Green

Exploring Themes

The article explained how increasing minimum wage would make franchisers’ have to increase cost to consumers and reduce profit margins. In contrast, it explains how increasing minimum wage will not negatively affect employment. It concludes that if minimum wage was to increase, it may negatively affect the progression of the business because of the factors that would be changed, but not employment and time distribution.

The article expresses the idea that increasing wage means increases prices for consumers. In many of the news articles and other sources I read on my topic, the franchisers also expressed this idea. The franchisers also felt increasing wage drastically in an already recessed environment, would not be feasible. The article seemed to be pro-low wages for happier and loyal consumers.

 

Wimmer S., Bradley. (1996). Minimum-wage increases and employment

in franchisee! fast-food restaurants. Federal Communications Commission, Washington, DC 20554

 

 

Blog Post 4

Stephanie Ratzlaff

10-14-13

Blog Post 4

 

SAME – SEX MARRIAGE: A NEW PHENOMENON

 

In this article they are researching same-sex marriage particularly in the United States, where it is a major political, religious, and legal issue. This article does take into account age, sex, and public sentiments about same-sex partnerships. Some of the results or conclusions this article came to are; same-sex marriage is a new type of marriage and family, the majority of same-sex marriages have been between lesbians (the reason is unavailable from data), and “same-sex marriage has notable social, economic, and political con- sequences and implications, especially with respect to rights, benefits, privileges, and services provided by governments as well as having consequences with regard to child adoption and parenting by same-sex couples.” (Chamie & Mirkin, 2011)

My conflict relates to this article because although Windsor and Spyer were legally married when Spyer died it was because of the federal government not recognizing their marriage as a marriage as they do for opposite sex couple. If they did Windsor would have been able to come the surviving spouse estate tax. This article connects to the themes in my conflict because it discusses the social and economic consequences especially with respect to rights, benefits, privileges, and services provided by governments. This article also does help me explain what is happening in my conflict.

 

 

Bibliography

Chamie, J., & Mirkin, B. (2011). Same-Sex Marriage: A New Social Phenomenon. Population and Development Review , 37 (3), 529-551.

 

SR

Affirmative action

Exploring themes:  Affirmative action

This article discuss that affirmative action is very controversial. It explains that affirmative action could be look at from two perspectives. One perspective that it is necessary to have so that you can assure that minorities will receive an equal opportunity and the other perspective argues that affirmative action threatens America’s fundamental values. For example in the text it says “they have positioned affirmative action as unnecessary, unfair, and even un-American”.   The author concludes that affirmative action is cloudy and it can lead to any direction as far as becoming more strict or lenient.

This article relates to my conflict because it discusses affirmative action and its effect on society. This article explains the reason why affirmative action is needed because of the mistreating of minorities in the past which put them at a disadvantage in today society. This article also help explain why Fisher V. University of Texas is so controversial because some people see it as reverse discrimination and unfair.

Citation

White, J. (2004). What is affirmative action?. Tulane Law Review, (6), 2117.

 

Thematic Summary VRA v. Constitutionallity

The authors purpose for writing this analysis to inform the reader of the cons mainly, of the decision by the Supreme Court to possibly find section 5 and section 4(b) unconstitutional. This document talks about the current status of minority voting in America and how the VRA has protected the institution for so long. Also this document highlights numerous times that Congress reinstated the VRA 3 times and they saw current need for the current burdens (Pros&Cons, 2013)

This document specifically relates to my conflict because it literally is about my conflict. It talks about everything my conflict is based on. From the disparity and oppression in the minority vote, to the VRA being reversed in that way would in turn reverse all the progress made in the cover preclearance jurisdictions. This document also explains the rationale behind the arguments of the people who disagree with the Supreme Court decision. This document explicitly explains why there is a conflict with the decision by giving an in depth explanation of why the decision was not valid.

(2013). Reconsidering the Voting Rights Act. Supreme court Debates, a Pros & Cons Monthly, 16(7), 10. Retrieved October 14, 2013, from the Langsdale Library database.

THE FEDERAL FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT

Martineau, Joseph. (2011, November). Invasion of Privacy. Retrieved October 20, 2013, from http://members.mobar.org/pdfs/media-law-handbook/complete-handbook.pdf#page=19

Edward Snowden released thousands of classified documents. He released these documents thinking that the NSA was overstepping their legal bounds. The Freedom of Information Act is one of the reasons Snowden felt the American people should be notified. This article highlights the FOIA and talks about the case in which it was first written for. The Freedom of Information Act says, “The basic purpose of the FOIA is to ensure an informed citizenry, vital to the functioning of a democratic society, needed to check against corruption and to hold the governors accountable to the governed.” After reading this definition it seems understandable why Snowden felt the people should know about the NSA’s wiretapping. This article is saying that an informed citizenry is essential to a good democracy. And that a misled and uninformed population facilitates government corruption. As Judge Damon Keith said “Democracies die behind closed doors.”

The Missouri Law Media Handbook is the basic guide to journalists, lawyers and the common person interested in media law. It outlines and describes in detail law as it applies to the media. It covers various topics relating to the internet, television, and individuals private information being displayed in a public setting. This handbook addresses these specific issues: what can and can’t be displayed in public, what information is or isn’t public and what rights journalists and media outlets have.
Chapter 2 of the Missouri Law Media Handbook relates to the unfolding Google advertisement issue because starting on November 11, 2013, after agreeing to its updated terms of service, Google can use its user’s pictures and names in ads on its various media outlets. Examples include Google Plus, Gmail, Chrome and Google Search. This specific topic discussed in Chapter 2 the Missouri Law Media Handbook outlines the tort of appropriation. This tort refers to using a person’s information, whether it is a picture, name or other personal information to make a profit; this is basically what Google is doing.

Stephen Bush

Immigration, Nationalism, Human Rights

M.S

J.H

Article Summary: The article basically talks about how beneficial immigrants are/ can be to the U.S. It also suggests that this population growth will help build a foundation socially or be a problem economically. In the article there is a proposal that would reform cultural and national identity. The bigger message is that no matter what race a person is , if the U.S all works together more can be accomplished. Everyone should be considered an individual than to be grouped by their race.

In Relation to my topic: Some people view babies of illegal immigrants to be the future. If the U.S allows them to go to school and get full access to American benefits they will be more knowledgeable and can contribute to the country more. Some people think that they are beginning to overpopulate, that can be a problem. For example some people believe they didn’t get into a school or get a job because it was ‘given’ to a child of an illegal immigrant as if they didn’t earn the place.

The article relates to my topic of the Dream Act because the article makes valid points about who should get entry and membership in the U.S. The Dream Act targets who will get access/membership to stay in the United States and further their permanency and educations.  The Dream Act strives to figure out who will get temporary residency in the United States while also trying to make economical decisions. The article talks about how things should not be based on the race that you are and everyone should be treated. So this all ties in because the dreamers would like to get freedom and live free and be treated equally.

EXDELL, J. (2009). IMMIGRATION, NATIONALISM, AND HUMAN RIGHTS. Metaphilosophy, 40131-146. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9973.2009.01565.x

Exlporing Themes: Human Rights- Gender Wage Gap

UNDERSTANDING THE GENDER PAY GAP: WHAT’S COMPETITION GOT TO DO WITH IT?. (2010). Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 63(4), 681-698.

The article describes possible reasons for the gender wage gap and the factors that contribute to the problem. The article hypothesizes that a major contribution to the gap is that women are a lot less competitive compared to men and only compete when the rewards/incentives are higher, and due to the lack of competition their performance falls below that of their male counterparts explaining why men earn more than women. The article concludes that while these reasons are a contributing factor it only makes up a very small percentage of the gap in wages and that misleading data as well as other published article take things for facts instead of putting more research into it, leading people in the wrong direction.

This article connects with my theme of human rights because its explanation of the factors contributing to the major topic of the gender wage gap. The gender wage gap is the difference of wages earned between men and women, and women believe they are being discriminated against as well as some violation to their rights as workers. The author of the article researches possible triggers for what may be the cause of the gap in salaries, the author talks about how data has been used to make the wage gap appear larger than it really maybe and that contributing factors do not have such a large impact as other make it to believe.